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<title>Glass tile</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Glass tile</span></span>

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<p><b>Glass tiles</b> are pieces of <a href="Glass" title="Glass">glass</a> formed into consistent shapes.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_history">Early history</h2></div>

<p>Glass was used in <a href="Mosaic" title="Mosaic">mosaics</a> as early as 2500 BC, but it was not until the 3rd century BC that innovative artisans in <a href="Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, <a href="Persian_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian empire">Persia</a>, and <a href="India" title="India">India</a> created glass <a href="Tiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiles">tiles</a>.

</p><p>Whereas <a href="Ceramic_building_material" title="Ceramic building material">clay tile</a> is dated as early as 8,000 BC, there were significant barriers to the development of glass tile, including the high temperatures required to <a href="Glassmaking" class="mw-redirect" title="Glassmaking">melt glass</a> and the complexities of <a href="Annealing_(glass)" title="Annealing (glass)">annealing</a> glass curves.

</p><p>In recent years, glass tiles have become popular for both field tile and accent tiles. This trend can be attributed to recent technological breakthroughs, as well as the tiles inherent properties; in particular, their potential to impart intense color, reflect <a href="Radiance" title="Radiance">light</a>, and remain <a href="Nonporous" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonporous">impervious</a> to water.

</p><p>Glass tile introduces complexities to the installer. Since glass is more rigid than <a href="Ceramic" title="Ceramic">ceramic</a> or <a href="Porcelain_tile" title="Porcelain tile">porcelain tile</a>, glass tiles break more readily under the duress of substrate shifts.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Smalti_tiles">Smalti tiles</h2></div>

<p><i>Smalti tile</i>, sometimes referred to as <i><a href="Byzantine" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine">Byzantine</a> glass mosaic tile</i>, is a typically <a href="Opacity" title="Opacity">opaque</a> glass tile originally developed for use in mosaics created during the time of the <a href="Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Smalti is made by mixing molten glass with <a href="Metal_oxide" class="mw-redirect" title="Metal oxide">metal oxides</a> for color in a furnace; the result is a cloudy mixture poured into flat slabs that are cooled and broken into individual pieces. The molten mixture can be topped with <a href="Gold_leaf" title="Gold leaf">gold leaf</a>, followed by a thin glass film to protect against <a href="Tarnish" title="Tarnish">tarnishing</a>. During the Byzantine era, <a href="Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> became the center of the mosaic craft, and the use of gold leaf glass mosaic reached perhaps its greatest artistic expression in the former seat of the <a href="Orthodox_patriarch_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox patriarch of Constantinople">Orthodox patriarch of Constantinople</a>, the <a href="Hagia_Sophia" title="Hagia Sophia">Hagia Sophia</a>.

</p><p>Traditional smalti tiles are still found today in many European churches and ornamental objects; the method is used by some present-day artisans, both in <a href="Art_installation" class="mw-redirect" title="Art installation">installations</a> and <a href="Fine_art" title="Fine art">fine art</a>. In the 1920s, <a href="Mass_production" title="Mass production">mass production</a> methods were applied to Smalti tile manufacturing, which enabled these tiles to find their way into many <a href="Middle-class" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle-class">middle-class</a> homes. Instead of the old method of rolling the colored glass mixture out, cooling, and cutting, the new method called for molten liquid to be poured and cooled in trays, usually resulting in 3/4 inch chiclet-type pieces.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h2></div>

<p>Since the 1990s, a variety of modern glass tile technologies, including methods to take used glass and recreate it as '<a href="Environmentally_friendly" title="Environmentally friendly"> green</a>' tiles, has resulted in a resurgence of interest in glass tile as a floor and wall <a href="Cladding_(construction)" title="Cladding (construction)">cladding</a>. It is now most commonly used in pools, kitchens, spas, and bathrooms. Although Smalti tile remains popular, small and large format glass products are now commonly formed using cast and <a href="Fused_glass" class="mw-redirect" title="Fused glass">fused glass</a> methods. The <a href="Plasticity_(physics)" title="Plasticity (physics)">plasticity</a> of these last two methods has resulted in a wide variety of looks and applications, including <a href="Tile" title="Tile">floor tiles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In the late 1990s, special glass tiles were coated on the back side with a receptive white coating. This has allowed impregnation of heat-transfer dyes by a printing process reproducing high resolution pictures and designs. Custom printed glass tile and glass tile murals exhibit the toughness of glass on the wearing surface with photo-like pictures. These are especially practical in kitchens and showers, where cleanser and moisture resistance are important.

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Stained_glass" title="Stained glass">Stained glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Glass_mosaic" title="Glass mosaic">Glass mosaic</a></li>

<li><a href="Quarry_tile" title="Quarry tile">Quarry tile</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tile-magazine.com/articles/91031-international-building-code-now-allows-ultra-large-porcelain-tile-panels-on-exteriors">"International Building Code Now Allows Ultra-Large Porcelain Tile Panels on Exteriors | TILE"</a>. <i>www.tile-magazine.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-29</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGovind,_Ranjani2014" class="citation news cs1">Govind, Ranjani (31 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/features/homes-and-gardens/design/small-tiles-big-tales/article5639010.ece">"Small tiles, big tales"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMenhem,_Chantal2015" class="citation web cs1">Menhem, Chantal (10 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150925162626/http://blog.mozaico.net/glass-mosaic-artworks/">"New Vision of an ancient medium: Glass Mosaic Tiles"</a>. Mozaico. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.mozaico.net/glass-mosaic-artworks/">the original</a> on 25 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Glass_tiles" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Glass tiles">Glass tiles</a></span>.</div></div>

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<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bsxl.nl/">Bathroom Tile</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Glass_production_techniques148" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Glass_production" title="Glass production">Glass production</a> techniques</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercial<br>techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Float_glass" title="Float glass">Float glass process</a></li>

<li><a href="Fritted_glass" title="Fritted glass">Fritted glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Glass_production#Forming_process" title="Glass production">Blowing and pressing (containers)</a></li>

<li><a href="Glass_(fiber)" class="mw-redirect" title="Glass (fiber)">Extrusion / Drawing (glass fibers)</a></li>

<li><a href="Glass_wool" title="Glass wool">Glass wool</a></li>

<li><a href="Optical_fiber#Manufacturing" title="Optical fiber">Drawing (optical fibers)</a></li>

<li><a href="Precision_glass_moulding" title="Precision glass moulding">Precision glass moulding</a></li>

<li><a href="Overflow_downdraw_method" title="Overflow downdraw method">Overflow downdraw method</a></li>

<li><a href="Pressed_glass" title="Pressed glass">Pressing</a></li>

<li><a href="Glass_casting" title="Glass casting">Casting</a></li>

<li><a href="Flame_polishing" title="Flame polishing">Flame polishing</a></li>

<li><a href="Etching_(microfabrication)" title="Etching (microfabrication)">Chemical polishing</a></li>

<li><a href="Diamond_turning" title="Diamond turning">Diamond turning</a></li>

<li><a href="Rolled_plate_glass" title="Rolled plate glass">Rolling</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artistic and<br>historic techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Art_glass" title="Art glass">Art glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Glass_art" title="Glass art">Glass art</a></li>

<li><a href="Glass_beadmaking" class="mw-redirect" title="Glass beadmaking">Beadmaking</a></li>

<li><a href="Glassblowing" title="Glassblowing">Blowing</a></li>

<li><a href="Blown_plate_glass" title="Blown plate glass">Blown plate</a></li>

<li><a href="Broad_sheet_glass" title="Broad sheet glass">Broad sheet</a></li>

<li><a href="Caneworking" title="Caneworking">Caneworking</a></li>

<li><a href="Cased_glass" title="Cased glass">Cased glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Crown_glass_(window)" title="Crown glass (window)">Crown glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Cut_glass" title="Cut glass">Cut glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Cylinder_blown_sheet_glass" title="Cylinder blown sheet glass">Cylinder blown sheet</a></li>

<li><a href="Edo_kiriko" title="Edo kiriko">Edo kiriko</a></li>

<li><a href="Engraved_glass" title="Engraved glass">Engraving</a></li>

<li><a href="Glass_etching" title="Glass etching">Etching</a></li>

<li><a href="Enamelled_glass" title="Enamelled glass">Enamelled glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Flashed_glass" title="Flashed glass">Flashed glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Forest_glass" title="Forest glass">Forest glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Fourcault_process" title="Fourcault process">Fourcault process</a></li>

<li><a href="Glass_fusing" title="Glass fusing">Fusing</a></li>

<li><a href="Glass_mosaic" title="Glass mosaic">Glass mosaic</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_glassware" title="List of glassware">Glassware</a></li>

<li><a href="Lampworking" title="Lampworking">Lampworking</a></li>

<li><a href="Machine_drawn_cylinder_sheet_glass" title="Machine drawn cylinder sheet glass">Machine drawn cylinder sheet</a></li>

<li><a href="Millefiori" title="Millefiori">Millefiori</a></li>

<li><a href="Mirror" title="Mirror">Mirror</a></li>

<li><a href="Polished_plate_glass" title="Polished plate glass">Polished plate</a></li>

<li><a href="Porous_glass" title="Porous glass">Porous glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Rippled_glass" title="Rippled glass">Rippled glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Satsuma_Kiriko_cut_glass" class="mw-redirect" title="Satsuma Kiriko cut glass">Satsuma Kiriko cut glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Slumping" title="Slumping">Slumping</a></li>

<li><a href="Stained_glass" title="Stained glass">Stained glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Studio_glass" title="Studio glass">Studio glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Tempered_glass" title="Tempered glass">Tempered glass</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Natural processes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Glass_with_embedded_metal_and_sulfides" title="Glass with embedded metal and sulfides">Radiative processes</a></li>

<li><a href="Opal" title="Opal">Opal formation</a></li>

<li><a href="Sea_glass" title="Sea glass">Sea glass</a></li>

<li><a href="Shock_metamorphism" title="Shock metamorphism">Shock metamorphic glass</a>/<a href="Impactite" title="Impactite">Impactite</a></li>

<li><a href="Vitrified_sand" title="Vitrified sand">Vitrified sand</a></li>

<li><a href="Volcanic_glass" title="Volcanic glass">Volcanic glass</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Glossary_of_glass_art_terms" title="Glossary of glass art terms">Glossary of glass art terms</a></li>

<li><a href="Glass_recycling" title="Glass recycling">Glass recycling</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-06-30" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Glass_tile&oldid=1298106039">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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